Material science

The traditional method for making ceramics is given below in steps. 1. Milling 2. Batching 3. Mixing 4. Forming 5. Drying  6. Sintering 1. Milling : This is a process by which materials are reduced size from large size to small size. Milling may involve various techniques of breaking a material which is also called pulverization. It means grinding the particles in smaller size. These various mechanical processes are attrition, compression, impact etc.  In attrition mill, The particles are break up due to collision of particles itself. It creates shearing to each other and breaks it. In compression mill, It includes jaw crusher or roller crusher or cone crusher. They puts compression load on material and their particles breaks in small size. In impact mill, The include the ball mill which has give the impact load or sudden load on material by which the material break through and convert into small size. 2. Batching : This is the process of weighing the oxi...

Ceramics are inorganic non-metalic material. Most ceramics have crystalline structure as metal has. Ceramic crystal structure are formed by either pure ionic bond or by pure covalent bond or by mixed bond which posses the ionic bond as well as covalent bond. Ionic bond gives ceramic materials relatively more stability. As A class, they have a much higher melting point in compare to metals or organic materials. They are also harder and more resistance to chemical reaction. Covalent bond also gives to ceramic material higher stability, higher melting point and great hardeness but the only drawback is it has low electrical conductivity at room temperature. The crystal structure of ceramics is more complex and versatile as compare to the metals because ceramics have different size of atoms in every structure and an electrical configuration is also different. Ceramics are classified into five categories as per its internal structure. 1. Rock salt structure 2. Zinc bl...

Material which produced by high temperature firing of natural clay and certain inorganic matters is known as Ceramic material.  It is also define as a material which containing compounds of metallic and non metallic elements. In short they are inorganic non metallic material. Most of the ceramic materials are silicates, aluminates, oxides, carbaides, nitrides and hydribes. A general classification of ceramics are difficult because of its wide versatility but as per its function they are classified as below. 1. Abrasives 2. White wares 3. Porcelain enamels 4. Bricks and tiles 5. Electrical porcelain 6. Glass 7. Refractories 8. Insulators 9. Dielectric ceramics 10. Semi-conductor ceramics etc. Characteristics of ceramics : 1. They are hard, strong and dense. 2. Ceramics are unaffected by chemical. Except some strong acids and alkalies. 3. They have excellent dielectric properties. 4. They are not affected by oxidation or corrosion. 5. They are good thermal a...